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Patna

Formerly known as Pataliputra, Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Currently the capital of Bihar, it was the glorious capital of ancient empires like the Maurya, Gupta and Shunga dynasties. Today Patna combines its rich historical past with modern urban vibrancy, offering travelers a diverse experience of heritage sites, spiritual centres, museums, and the dynamic culture of Bihar.

Located on the southern banks of the River Ganges, Patna is an important stop for pilgrims, historians, and explorers alike. It serves as the gateway to the Buddhist circuit.

Geography and Overview

Situated along the fertile plains of the Ganges, Patna lies at an average elevation of 53 meters above sea level. The city experiences a humid subtropical climate — hot summers, a monsoon season from June to September, and cool, pleasant winters from November to February. The winter months are perfect for exploring the city’s outdoor attractions and riverfront.

History and Culture

Patna’s historical legacy stretches back over 2,500 years. It was founded by Ajatashatru in the 5th century BCE as Pataliputra, which later became the seat of power for the Mauryan Empire under Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka the Great. The city played a pivotal role in shaping Buddhist and Jain traditions, with scholars and monks visiting from across Asia.

Over centuries, Patna evolved under various dynasties and colonial rulers. Today, it reflects a fusion of ancient glory and modern progress, preserving Buddhist stupas, Mughal relics, Sikh gurudwaras, and British-era structures alongside bustling markets and cultural festivals.

Culture and Festivals

Patna’s culture is a vibrant mix of ancient traditions and contemporary influences. Major festivals include Chhath Puja, celebrated grandly along the river ghats, Diwali, Holi, Buddha Purnima, and Guru Nanak Jayanti at Patna Sahib. The city is also known for its folk music, Madhubani art, and Bihari cuisine. Traditional crafts such as stone carving and handloom weaving continue to thrive in the region.

Best time to visit Patna

The best time to visit Patna is from October to March, when the weather is pleasant for sightseeing and outdoor activities.

Winter (Nov–Feb): Ideal for exploring historical and cultural sites.

Summer (Apr–June): Hot and humid; visit indoor museums or early morning ghats.

Monsoon (July–Sept): Lush greenery, but occasional flooding near the riverbanks.

Top Attractions in Patna

Golghar—A massive granary built by the British in 1786 offering panoramic views of the city and the Ganges from its top.

Patna Museum—Known as the Jadu Ghar, it houses rare artifacts including the Didarganj Yakshi and relics from the Mauryan and Gupta periods.

Takht Sri Patna Sahib—A revered Sikh pilgrimage site, it is the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru.

Kumhrar—Archaeological remains of ancient Pataliputra, showcasing the grandeur of Mauryan-era halls and monasteries.

Sanjay Gandhi Biological Park (Patna Zoo)—A green oasis housing diverse species of flora and fauna.

Agam Kuan—A deep ancient well associated with Emperor Ashoka’s life and legends.

Gandhi Maidan—A historical ground that witnessed key moments of India’s independence movement.

Buddha Smriti Park—A modern park housing sacred Buddha relics from various countries.

Fatuha – Located on the confluence of rivers Ganga and Punpun, known for its religious significance.

Things to Do in Patna

Patna’s cuisine is a delicious reflection of Bihar’s culinary heritage. Popular dishes include:

Litti Chokha – Roasted wheat balls with spiced sattu filling, served with mashed eggplant or potato.

Thekua—a sweet, deep-fried snack made during Chhath Puja.

Dal Puri and Kheer—A festive combination enjoyed during celebrations.

Sattu Drink and Paratha—nutritious local staples perfect for travelers.
Don’t miss the city’s street food scene, offering spicy chaat, kachori-jalebi, and samosas across Patna’s bustling markets.

How to Reach Patna?

BY ROAD

Patna is well connected by NH 31, NH 30, and NH 19, linking it to cities like Gaya (110 km), Nalanda (90 km), and Varanasi (250 km).

BY TRAIN

Patna Junction (PNBE) is one of India’s busiest railway hubs, connected to cities across the country.

BY AIR

Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport (PAT) connects Patna to major Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Bangalore.

Top Tourist Attractions in Patna

Patna, the vibrant capital of Bihar, is known for its historical landmarks, cultural heritage, and scenic Ganga River landscapes. Famous for attractions like Golghar, Patna Sahib Gurudwara, Patna Museum, and Harmandir Takht, the city draws history enthusiasts, spiritual travelers, and culture seekers. The top tourist attractions in Patna offer a captivating blend of ancient history, religious significance, and urban charm.