Image Source: Rehman Abubakr
About Somasila Reservoir
The Somasila Reservoir is one of the largest irrigation reservoirs in Andhra Pradesh, built across the Penna River in Nellore district. Located near Siddeswaram village in Atmakur Mandal, this massive reservoir is a crucial water source for the drought-prone areas of Nellore, Kadapa, and surrounding regions. Known for its role in irrigation, drinking water supply, and flood control, Somasila also forms a vital link in the famous Telugu Ganga Project.
History and Construction
The idea of constructing the reservoir was envisioned as part of the Penna irrigation projects to utilize the seasonal river waters effectively. The project was taken up to provide irrigation to the Nellore command area, which has historically faced frequent droughts. Completed in the late 20th century, Somasila became the largest reservoir in Nellore district, ensuring year-round water availability.
Structure and Capacity
Type of Dam: Earth-cum-masonry dam with spillway gates.
River: Built across the Penna River.
Length: The reservoir bund stretches around 11 km.
Storage Capacity: It can store up to 78 TMC (thousand million cubic feet) of water, making it one of the largest in the state.
Connectivity: The reservoir is connected to the Kandaleru Reservoir through the Telugu Ganga Canal system, enabling regulated water supply for irrigation and drinking water needs.
Irrigation and Water Supply
The Somasila Reservoir irrigates nearly 2.68 lakh acres of farmland in Nellore district and nearby areas. It plays a vital role in sustaining crops such as paddy, sugarcane, groundnut, cotton, and pulses, which are the backbone of Nellore’s agrarian economy.
Additionally, Somasila forms the starting point of the Telugu Ganga Project, ensuring drinking water supply to Chennai city in Tamil Nadu. This inter-state cooperation makes the reservoir highly significant in South India’s water-sharing framework.
Scenic Value and Tourism
Surrounded by hills, forests, and rural landscapes, the Somasila Reservoir is not only an irrigation project but also a picturesque destination. The vast expanse of water, boating opportunities, and the Somasila Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva located nearby, add religious and tourism importance.
During monsoons, the backwaters of Somasila create a mesmerizing view, attracting locals and visitors from Nellore, Tirupati, and Chennai.
Connectivity
By Road: The reservoir is situated around 80 km from Nellore city and is well connected by road via Atmakur. APSRTC buses and private vehicles frequently ply to this region.
By Rail: The nearest major railway station is Nellore Railway Station, located on the Chennai–Howrah main line.
By Air: The closest airport is Tirupati International Airport (130 km), while Chennai International Airport (200 km) is another nearby option.