Image source: Prakash Kumar
About Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve is a prominent wildlife sanctuary located in the southernmost part of Tamil Nadu, India. It’s the second largest in Tamil Nadu that was established in 1988 after merging Kalakkad Wildlife Sanctuary (251 km²) and Mundanthurai Wildlife Sanctuary (567 km²). Both previous wildlife sanctuaries were established in 1962. On the borders between Kerala and Tamil Nadu, the tiger reserves are a part of a UNESCO World Heritage site and also one of the world’s 18 biodiversity hotspots.
The total area around which the sanctuary is spread is 817 square kilometers. Out of which, 459 square kilometres come under the core zone, which covers Agastya Malai Hill Rang, while 358 square kilometres are under the buffer zone.
Fauna: Tigers, leopards, elephants, Nilgiri langurs, lion-tailed macaques, Malabar giant squirrels, and various bird species.
Flora: Tropical rainforests, semi-evergreen forests, and grasslands dominate the landscape.
The reserve is home to rivers such as the Tamiraparani, Manimuthar, and Karamana, which play a crucial role in the local ecosystem and provide water for nearby areas.
Several hydroelectric projects run inside the Tiger Reserve, among which the major ones are the Mundanthurai and Papanasam dams. They are primarily used for irrigation and power generation.
Activities
Wildlife Safari: Explore the dense forests and spot a variety of animals and birds.
Trekking: There are over 24 identified nature trails designated as trekking trails for adventure seekers.
Bird Watching: With over 200 species of birds, KMTR is a paradise for birdwatchers.
Nature Camps: Organised by the Forest Department, these camps aim to educate visitors about conservation.
Best Time to Visit
Season: October to March is the best time to visit due to pleasant weather and increased wildlife sightings.
How to Reach
By Road: The reserve is accessible via road from Tirunveli (45 km) and Nagercoil (80 km).
By Train: The nearest railway station is Tirunelveli Junction.
By Air: The nearest airport is Thiruvananthapuram International Airport, about 140 km away.